Compare and contrast Childhood by John Clare and Follower by

Compare and contrast Childhood by John Clare and Follower by Seamus Heaney. John Clare was born in 1793 and died in 1864. He was born in the countryside and remained a countryman all his life. He was a son of a labourer, his mother was illiterate and his father could barely read or write. His family were desperately poor and he never travelled far from home. His poem Childhood is autobiographical and reminiscent on his childhood memories. His first anthology was called Poems descriptive of rural life and scenery and it was very well received but later anthologies werent as enthusiastically received. Seamus Heaney was born on the 13th April 1939 in Bellaghy, South Derry. He was the oldest of nine children and grew up on a†¦show more content†¦In the fourth stanza he refers to exploring over meadows, the fifth stanza tells us of the games that he played and his use of imagination and the last stanza tells us that he has lost this paradise and he regrets this. There is good use of language in Childhood; in the first stanza he describes the desk as the heavy old desk. This is simple descriptive language. He then goes on to talk about how he loved the old church. He has used descriptive language in the second and third stanzas, it sets the scene which is his area where he played and it gives you a good image of what is going on. The language in the second three stanzas is more childish e.g. pootysand in these verses he explains more about his childhood. In the last stanza the language and tone of the poem change because the last stanza is about the regret of growing up. There is good use of metaphors and good use of similes, which helps with the scene of the poem. There is no alliteration used in this poem but I feel it is not needed because John Clare has used other language, which is impressive. He uses onomatopoeia in the last stanza; this is used to describe the sound of the swing, The mile-a-minute swee. He uses dialect words in this poem heps along with others I feel that this gives the poem authenticity of the timeShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPASSWORD-PROTECTED ASSESSMENT WEB SITE If your instructor has signed up for this object, an access-code-protected Web site is available so you can take the Skill Assessments in the book online and receive immediate, real-time feedback on how your scores compare with those of thousands of other students in our PREFACE xix ever-expanding database. (Two assessments in the book—â€Å"Source of Personal Stress† in Chapter 2 and the â€Å"Best-Self Feedback Exercise† in Chapter 10—are not available online.) COURSESMART

Man vs. Himself - 2078 Words

fulfillment is what people live for, without it how can a person live? A failed search for self-fulfillment often leads to death. Demonstrated in A Tale of Two Cites, Hamlet, and A Death of a Salesman, each novel includes one character that struggles to fulfill his life, which results in death. Self-fulfillment can include being loved, wealthy, happiness, remembered, respected, or even a being hero. Sadly if none of these objectives is met, the character seems to think death is the only way option. Nothing great will ever be achieved without great men, and men are great only if they are determined to be so as said by Charles DeGaulle, relates to each character in the three novels that they were never determined to improve their life.†¦show more content†¦Although he was the reason that Charles Darnay was able to walk free of the first trial of treason, he wasnt given any credit. Carton later with the company of Darnay at a tavern sadly says, I care for no man on earth, and no man on earth cares for me(Dickens, pg76). Also Carton describes himself in Darnays view as a dissolute dog who has never done any good, and never will.(Dickens, pg191) Once Carton realized these goals would never be achieved, he told Lucie his one love, he would sacrifice his life in order to save that of another that she loved dearly. This level of love makes the sacrifice even more valuable and brings things to closure, which he hopes will fulfill his duty in life. However this duty will result in his death, which could have been avoidable if he had been happier in life, instead of being a beat up drunk that he was. Just before Carton is beheaded, another victim in line for death tells him that she loves him for his courage and Carton is inspired this, It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known.(Dickens, pg352) Carton who didnt really accomplish much in his life, led him to believe that his de ath will be the greatest thing he has ever done. This concludes that Carton saw this sacrifice as a way to make up for his unhappiness, sacrificing his lifeShow MoreRelated Man vs. Himself: Betrayal and Abandonment Shown in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman1507 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman tells the story of a man trying and failing to obtain success for him and his family. Willy Loman, a traveling salesman, has been trying to ‘make it big’ for the majority of his life. Miller’s play explores the themes of abandonment and betrayal and their effects on life’s success. Willy sees himself as being abandoned by his older brother, Ben, and constantly views his sibling’s betrayal as one that changed his prospects forever. Willy, in turn, is guilty ofRead MoreThe Most Dangerous Game Conflict Essay711 Words   |  3 PagesSome stories do not have many different conflicts in the story. For example, in â€Å"L ittle Red Riding Hood† there is only one conflict which is Man vs Wolf or Man vs Man, but in some stories like â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† there are all three conflicts throughout the book. Having more conflicts gives the story a bigger theme of suspense. In â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood†, the only conflict is getting to her grandma’s house where in â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† there are many different conflicts that give theRead MoreAnalysis of four types of conflict in John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath, man versus man, man versus nature, man versus society, and man versus himself.1463 Words   |  6 Pagestypes of conflicts: man vs. himself, man vs. society, man vs. nature, and man vs. man. In the case of The Grapes of Wrath, man represents the Joad family as a single unit. They experience conflict within the family itself, with the society they are coming from as well as the one they are going to, and with nature and the elements. The man vs. man conflict is usually just a more specific example of one of the other areas of conflict. The most prevalent conflict in the novel is man vs. society. The firstRead MoreHills Like White Elephants Conflict Analysis795 Words   |  4 Pages3 main ways: man vs. man, man vs. himself, and man vs. nature. Therefore, the narrative of the short story, perceives an engagement between man vs himself and man vs. man. This initial element issues the thematic relevance of the story by alluding the actual consequences of the narrative. Presumably, the context of the short story identifies the literary conflict of man vs. man. The conception of conflict can be seen through the main characters of a girl name Jig and an American man. Evidently, theRead MoreContrast Between Oedipus the King and Antigone by Sophocles744 Words   |  3 PagesOedipus is defined as Man vs Himself. This conflict is defined as a character in conflict with him or herself. In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is fated to murder his father Laios and marry his mother Jocasta who are king and queen of Thebes. He begins the conflict with himself when he leaves Polybus and Merope (his adopted parents who he believes to be his biological parents) to prevent the prophecy from coming to fruition. He makes his way to the city of Thebes, on the way he kills a man at a crossroadsRead MoreRendition Of A Single Day1318 Words   |  6 PagesThe temperature out there was -17. Shukov’s temperature was +99† (Solzhenitsyn 23). Illness is inevitable in th e despairing weather conditions and lack of proper health care. The men begin to lose hope in living, and neglect their assigned tasks. Man vs. nature conflict signifies the recurring weather conditions the men battle through. This conflicting aspect has the most impactful effect on the Zeks because the cold temperatures and frozen precipitation weaken them, increasingly by the hour. WeatherRead MoreConflict of Opposing Forces in Of Mice and Men Essay673 Words   |  3 Pagescan be multiple conflicts in a story. This is the case in Of Mice and Men. In chapters three and four, there are man vs. man, man vs. self, and man vs. society conflicts. As George and Lennie interact with the workers on the ranch, sometimes conflicts arise between them. Man vs. man is a type of conflict in which two or more characters are pitted against each other. Candy, an old man on the ranch, has a conflict with Carlson in chapter three. Candy’s friend and long-time companion is his old dogRead MoreLord Of The Flies And The Most Dangerous Game1357 Words   |  6 Pagesstrikingly similar conflicts. By examining theMan versus Man , Man versus Nature, and Man versus Self conflicts in â€Å"Lord of the Flies† and The Most Dangerous Game, the reader will have a deeper understanding of the underlying conflicts and their impacts as they read this thorough explanation. One of the main conflicts in both â€Å"Lord of the Flies† and The Most Dangerous Game isMan versus Man. In â€Å"Lord of the Flies† the main conflict was man vs man and in The Most Dangerous Game the same conflict occurredRead MoreThe Crucible879 Words   |  4 Pageswitchcraft. This was a hard situation for the entire town because of the accusation of witchcraft toward innocent people. In The Crucible, Miller shows us several examples of themes, some interesting themes were man vs. society, man vs. man, and man vs. self-internal. For instance, the theme man vs. society was present when Abigail and the other girls were found dancing. In act I, Parris asked Abigail to tell the truth and confess that they were dancing, she responded â€Å"we did dance, uncle† (Miller pRead MoreConflict, Man Vs. Society1335 Words   |  6 Pagesare four types of conflict, man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society, and man vs. himself. In the short story â€Å"The Necklace† the conflict would be described as man vs. himself, or man vs. society. The first idea that supports that statement would be when the author introduces the main character, Mathilde . He tells of how she is taunted about her shabby apartment for its dingy walls, worn-out furniture, and ugly drapes. This is not only an external conflict of man vs. society, but it fuels the

Memo GPFS (General Purpose Financial Statements)

Question: Mr. Howe, a Junior Partner of the CPA firm Dewey, Cheatem, Howe (DCH), is very excited about the opportunities created by fair-value revaluation of noncurrent assets. He believes that there is an enormous opportunity for large firms to increase their book profits via the gains from such revaluations. Required: Mr. Tu Dewie has asked you to review the AASB rules on the fair-market revaluation of non-current assets and to assess what profit enhancing opportunities may arise because of those rules. NB: please remember that while Mr. Dewey is the senior partner of DCH, Mr. Howe (as a junior partner) can hurt you if you are not polite and considerate. Answer: The GPFS (general purpose financial statements) must be de-regulated b in order to control the make sure that market control the financial statements. This will give the accounting manager enough scope to handle the external audit freely which will bring transparency within the financial statements (Albrecht, 2009). Fundamental element of the external audit is the need for the public sector entities to prepare annual financial statements and publish them in their annual report. As per the most of the theorist and positivist general purpose of financial statements are only to be means to be deregulated which will given enough scope to make control the market forces. This will also enhance the quality of the accounting (Benedict and Elliot, 2011). The deregulation of the GPFS would creates usefulness and reduce the limitation of the financial reporting. If the GPFS is deregulated then the decision of the purchasing, selling and holding of the equity will be based on the investor returns which they are expecting from their investment (Bebbington et al. 2010). This de-regulations will given the accounting manager to assess whether or the company has been able manage its proper information which will given insight of the financial reporting. In to assess the entity, prospectus for the future of cash flows, the existing and potential investor along with creditors who needs the information about the entity and entity management that would give the company takes the responsibilities to cater the large market in order to manage the price and technological changes (Ifrs.org, 2015). Deregulation here depicts the reform is needed to be made in the GPFS which would creates better regulations commission. If the GPFS will be de-regulated then it would be enhance the role of the independent external audit as the market is going itself analyses the quality of GPFS (Berry, 2009). The external audit is been one of the major concern for the company which would lead the companies and market top decide the quality of financial reporting which will again given enough scope to the external audit firm to manage the financial reporting. Although financial market is regulated by the governing bodies like AASB and IFRS which are setting the norms to as per the financial statements which would benefit the investors and the company to select their equity as per the external audit reports which would again enhance the duty of external auditors (Khairurizka, 2009). With de-regulation of the of the financial reporting the firms are being using counter term to manage the market which would increase the value of external auditor who have enough scope to make the manage the money supply and the prevents widespread banking panics. D the deregulation should increase the proper way of conducting the financial reporting by making the separate regulations for the market or rather the reform the market (www.accaglobal.com, 2015). The reform in the first half of the 20th century creates a system regulatory agencies most of which remain today, which are organized by the financial activity. Separates agencies focused on the separate activities which is often found with different priorities (www.accaglobal.com, 2015). However, the de-regulation of GPFS would creates positive aspect of the capital maintenance that will determine the accounting model used in the preparation of financial statements. Different forms of accounting models would give various degrees of relevance and reliability which is very much helpful to manage and maintain the relevance and reliability within the financial reporting (Laughlin and Gray, 2008). Assignment 2 Revaluation of non-current asset There is strong opportunities in the revaluation of noncurrent asset is the process of increasing or decreasing the carrying value in case of major changes in the fair market value of the fixed asset. As per the IFRS norms, the required fixed asset is to be calculated initially on the cost but subsequently it requires two models of accountings for fixed asset which is also known as the cost model and the revaluation model (Ifrs.org, 2015). In the revaluation model as asset is initially being recorded at cost but its carrying amount is to be increased to appreciation in value. For instance, if the building worth of 190000 as per 31st December 2013. The carrying amount at the year is 170000 and revalued at 190000 then the journal entry will be: Building 20000 Dr. To revaluation surplus 20000 Cr. This shows that there is lot of opportunities to make the non current asset to change its price as per the company fair valuations structure. The depreciation period after the revaluation will be based on the revalued amount which can be increased or decreased as per the building cost (Laughlin and Gray, 2008). Fixed asset like land and building, machinery and the freehold premises can be revalued as per the available surplus with the company. However, in the case of reversal revalued , it has been found that, revalued asset could be valued down due to the impairment loss for the certain months which would be written off against any of the balance or surplus available which would given enough scope of obfuscations (Lewellen, 2009). Moreover, if the loss excesses the revaluations surplus balance of the same asset the same difference is charged to income statements as impairment loss. The revaluation method is very different from the cost model (Berry, 2009). The cost model allows only down adjustment and the revaluation model given enough scope to manage the revaluation both upward and downward adjustment for the asset impairment value of the company. Upward evaluation is not considered as the normal gain and is not recorded in the income statements. It is generally recorded within the equity accounts called revaluations surplus. Revaluation surplus given the scope for the upward revaluations of a company asset until is totally disposed off (Benedict and Elliot, 2011) Reference list Books Albrecht, W. (2009). Financial Accounting. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons. Bebbington, J., Gray, R. and Laughlin, R. (2010). Financial Accounting: practice and principles. 7th ed. Bedford, London: Thomson Learning. Benedict, A, and Elliot, B., (2011). Financial Accounting: An Instruction. 5th ed. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning. Berry, A., (2009). Financial Accounting: an introduction. 4th ed. California: Random House. Journals Khairurizka, R. (2009) The effect of financial ratios, firm size, and cash flow from operating activities in the interim report to the stock return,) Chinese Business Review, 8(6) , 44-53. Laughlin, R. and Gray, R. (2008) Financial Accounting: method and meaning, 5th ed. New York: Prentice Hall Lewellen, J. (2009) Predicting returns with financial ratios, Journal of Financial Economics, 74, 209-235 Websites www.accaglobal.com, (2015). accounting for property, plant and equipment. [online] Available at:https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/acca/global/PDF-students/2012/sa_sept10_ias16.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2015]. Ifrs.org, (2015). IFRS - Home. [online] Available at: https://www.ifrs.org/Pages/default.aspx [Accessed 23 Jan. 2015].

William Blake Essay Example For Students

William Blake Essay Name: Brandon Clark William Blake was born in London on November 28, 1757, Blake passed away on 12 August 1827. James Hess father, a hosier, and Catherine Blake Hess mother. Two of his six siblings died in infancy. From early childhood, Blake spoke of having visions at four he saw God put his head to the window; around age nine, while walking through the countryside, he saw a tree filled with angels. Although his parents tried to discourage him from lying, they did observe that he was different from his peers and did not force him to attend conventional school. He learned to read and write at mom. At age ten, Blake expressed a wish to become a painter, so his parents sent him to drawing school. Two years later, Blake began writing poetry. When he turned fourteen, he apprenticed with an engraver because art school proved too costly. One of Flakes assignments as apprentice was to sketch the tombs at Westminster Abbey, exposing him to a variety of Gothic styles from which he would draw inspiration throughout his career. After his seven-year term ended, he studied briefly at the Royal Academy. We will write a custom essay on William Blake specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Flakes first printed work, Poetical Sketches (1783), is a collection of apprentice verse, costly imitating classical models. The poems protest against war, tyranny, and King George Ills treatment of the American colonies. William Blake and his works have been extensively discussed and criticized over the twentieth and now this century, until then he was barely known. He started to become more popular around 1863 with Alexander Gilchrest biography Life and only fully appreciated and recognized at the beginning of the twentieth century. It seems his art had been too adventurous and unconventional for the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, maybe you could even say he was ahead of his time? Either way, today he is a hugely famous figure of Romantic literature, whose work is open to various interpretations, which has been known to take a lifetime to establish. As well as his works being difficult to interpret, him as a person has also provoked much debate. Henry Crab Robinson, who was a diarist and friend of Flakes at the end of his life asked the question many students of Blake are still unable to conclusively answer: In his life, Blake rejected conventional religion. His poems are influenced by this. Blake wrote a poem called The Little Black Boy My mother bore me in the southern wild, And I am black, but O! My soul is white; White as an angel is the English child: But I am black as if bereaved of light. My mother taught me underneath a tree And sitting down before the heat of day, She took me on her lap and kissed me, And pointing to the east began to say. Look on the rising sun: there God does live And gives his light, and gives his heat away. And flowers and trees and beasts and men receive Comfort in morning Joy in the noonday. And we are put on earth a little space, That we may learn to bear the beams of love, And these black bodies and this sun-burnt face Is but a cloud, and like a shady grove. For when our souls have learned the heat to bear The cloud will vanish we shall hear his voice. Saying: come out from the grove my love care, And round my golden tent like lambs rejoice. Thus did my mother say and kissed me, And thus I say to little English boy. When I from black and he from white cloud free, And round the tent of God like lambs we Joy: Ill shade him from the heat till he can bear, To lean in Joy upon our fathers knee. And then Ill stand and stroke his silver hair, And be like him and he will then love me. Summary: A black child tells the story of how he came to know his own identity and to now God. The boy, who was born in the southern wild of Africa, first explains that though his skin is black his soul is as white as that of an English child. .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .postImageUrl , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:hover , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:visited , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:active { border:0!important; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:active , .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0e73d65c49c8b9bab4986acae2f164cf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: William Blake was very different to other men, he grew up to hate the church although he was very religious EssayHe relates how his loving mother taught him about God who lives in the East, who gives light and life to all creation and comfort and Joy to men. We are put on earth, his mother says, to learn to accept Gods love. He is told that his black skin is but a cloud that will be dissipated when his soul meets God in heaven. The black boy passes on this lesson to an English child, explaining that his white skin is likewise a cloud. He vows that hen they are both free of their bodies and delighting in the presence of God, he will shade his white friend until he, too, lea rns to bear the heat of Gods love. Then, the black boy says, he will be like the English boy, and the English boy will love him. Shows the conflict between races in religion, suggesting that people of black nationality are of a lesser standard and inferior to whites; throughout the poem the black boy is comparing himself to the white child and wanting to be friends. This Poem has several techniques a few being Rhyme (ABA), personification example of this is when he sass for when our souls have learned . Metaphor an example of metaphor is shown when he writes And I am black, but O! William blake Essay Example For Students William blake Essay This week I was scheduled to work with Irene Balli. She is one of dining services main managers. She mostly oversees all of the banquets that go on here at Marywood. On the 16th of April was the Cor Marie, which is a very large banquet that consists of all major heads of all departments at Marywood. I watched the before, during, and after events of how Irene would go about her schedule for that day. It is a very tight and nerve wrecking schedule consisting of making sure all dishes are clean to if they have all the right liquors. All of the servers had to get a pep talk to make sure they knew what tables they were serving and how they should serve the meal. I helped out in the before stage by pouring water, Champaign and helping Nello with plating the meal. Bibliography: We will write a custom essay on William blake specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Britney Spears essays

Britney Spears essays Britneys Image Change and Its Effect on Her Carrier. Unless youve been stuck in a cave for the past 5 years you probably know who Britney Spears is. Throughout the years that she has been in the spotlight she has gradually changed her image from a sweet southern girl into an erotic pop queen. Some people love the change others despise it, but most everyone has a valid reason for either loving or hating the change. This is not a paper dedicated to bashing Britney Spears for looking sensual. I am simply going to explain the benefits that came from her image change and the negative effects that extracted from the change. Turning from sweet to sexy was probably a smart business move for Britney to make because her musical abilities are far from outstanding. I have watched her concerts many times on television and she sounds un-tuned on the songs that she actually sings. Most of her dance songs sound very good live, but that is only due to the fact that her voice is pre-recorded. I know this because there is no way that anyone could sing so perfect and also do all those crazy dance moves she does at the same time. Now that she is so sexy, people watch her concerts just to get a view of what she is wearing, or rather what she isnt wearing. She also doesnt write her own songs, which is a sure sign that someone doesnt really have enough musical talent. I saw her Diary show on MTV and it showed how she worked in the studio. I expected to see her and the producer exchanging ideas and thinking about the musical arrangements on the album. Instead it looked as if she was a puppet in the studio. The producer was telling her how to sing on a song that somebody else wrote and she just stood in the recording booth agreeing with everything he said. Once again this musical flaw is greatly overlooked due to her overtly sexual image and I can honestly say that I dont mind it. Imagine how horrible...

8 Great Writing Tips for Kids

8 Great Writing Tips for Kids 8 Great Writing Tips for Kids 8 Great Writing Tips for Kids By Ali Hale I’m 33 now (which feels very old!) but I’ve loved writing since I was a kid myself. The very first story I remember writing was about a mouse, when I was five or six. I spent a lot of time writing stories throughout my childhood, and I had a go at my first novel when I was thirteen. Writing has always been one of my favourite things to do and for the last ten years, it’s been what I’ve done for a living. When I was at school, a lot of the writing I did was as part of my school work. At school, your teachers are probably keen for you to know lots of things about writing – like where to put commas, and what nouns and verbs are, and so on. There are lots of great tips out there about how to get things like that right, and I’ll link to some of those for you in this post. I wanted to focus on some tips, though, about enjoying writing and having fun with it and about becoming a better writer overall (not just a better speller)! Here are my best tips on how to keep growing and improving as a writer, however young you are: #1: Have a go at some writing exercises – you can find lots of these online, or you could have a go at them in workbooks or school books. Lots of adults find writing exercises helpful, too, so that they can get better at writing. You can find some great ones to try here. #2: Read a lot. Almost every writer I know is also a keen reader. Try to read a wide range of different things – like classic story books as well as modern ones, non-fiction (factual) books, magazine or newspaper articles, and so on. You’ll come across lots of different ways to write, and you might learn some new words. #3: Keep a little book of new words you learn. Don’t be embarrassed if you don’t understand a word the first time you read it. Sometimes you can guess from the rest of the sentence what it means, but if not, you can just look it up in a dictionary. You might want to ask an adult how to say the new word, too – you could write down how it sounds. For instance, â€Å"matron† is pronounced â€Å"may-tron† (with a long â€Å"a† sound) not â€Å"mah-tron† (with a short â€Å"a† sound), which is how I thought it was said when I first read it in an Enid Blyton story. #4: Try writing stories for children younger than you, or stories that involve children younger than you. This is a great thing to do when you’re still quite young yourself, because you can remember what it’s like to be six or seven. (Adult writers find it hard to remember, and often they create young children characters who are too babyish for their age.) If you have a little brother or sister, or a younger cousin, you could read your stories out to them. #5: Remember that even adults don’t get things right first time. Sometimes I get a spelling wrong, or I write a sentence that’s confusing for my reader. And I’m a professional writer! It’s fine to make mistakes, so don’t worry about getting everything perfect in your first draft. Just make sure you leave a bit of time to go back and edit afterwards (just like adult writers do) so that you can fix any mistakes. #6: Have a go at different types of writing. When I was young, I like to make pretend magazines or newspapers. That’s something that children have enjoyed doing for a very long time – in one of my favourite classic children’s books, The Story of the Treasure Seekers by E. Nesbit, the children in the story make their own newspaper filled with things they’ve written. Maybe you could have a go at making a newspaper to share with your family and friends – or maybe you’d like to write poetry or a play script, or something else entirely. #7: Keep a journal about your day to day life. There are lots of ways to do this – you could write a sentence or two each day, for instance, or you could write a longer piece once a week. You could write about what you’re learning at school, who your friends are, the games you’ve been playing even what you had for lunch! Details that might seem boring now could be really interesting when you read your journal when you’re 20 or 30 or even 80! #8: Ask for help if you get stuck. If there’s something you don’t understand in what you’re reading, or if you can’t work out if something you’ve written is quite right, don’t be afraid to ask for help. Most adults will be very glad to give you a hand. You could try a teacher, or a librarian (either at your school library or your local library). If you get to meet any adult writers, perhaps through school or at an event, think up some good questions for them too! I hope you have lots of fun with your writing. It can feel like theres a lot to get right, but (outside of school time) the most important thing is that you enjoy writing. I hope the ideas above help you to get even more out of writing. If you’ve got any tips of your own, why not share them with us in the comments? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"Broadcast vs Broadcasted as Past Form5 Keys to Better Sentence Flow

BestBuy - Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BestBuy - - Case Study Example Best Buy Company has made it a priority to center their marketing and trade operations by better recognizing and identifying the consumer approach dynamics to electronic retail purchasers. Consumer behavior are those acts of individual consumers that directly involve obtaining and using economic goods and services including decision that are determined in this acts. It can also be identified as the behavior that the consumers exhibit in planning, purchasing, and using goods as well as services. The knowledge of consumer behavior implemented by Best Buy Company has helped it in securing consumers a process known as consumer royalty. To attain this, the company started by making consumer profiles. The company then trained its employees to focus on specific customers, rather than product and modify them to the needs of the customers. This understanding of the consumer behavior helped the company. The implementation of this model helped the company get a better feedback in what the consumers really needed. The company started to target their products to the consumers by analyzing how their purchase decisions are made. Through â€Å"customer centricity,† the company is able to identify different customers, and groups of people depending on their desires, roles, and lifestyles. This enabled the company to focus on the consumers’ needs. Through the knowledge of consumer behavior, the company understood the customer as the most important asset of the company. They therefore drove forward to ensure their consumers obtained optimal satisfaction with the products that they developed. This move created a great impact in Best Buy Company to make it the largest electronics retailor. One of the advantages that â€Å"customer centricity† brought about to the Best Buy Company is that it brought knowledge to the company of the decisions and their needs. This helped improve best buys

Methodology (just theories) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Methodology (just theories) - Essay Example It provides an appropriate insight to study a particular phenomena and the method of data collection required for the study. The philosophy behind a research guides the researcher about various aspects of producing valid knowledge. ["A" level sociology A resource based learning approach, n. d] The three trends of philosophy involved in sociological research methodologies are Positivism, Realism and Interpretivism. Positivism mainly deals with proposing natural laws based on observation. [Samuel- Ojo, 2005]. Realism states that whatever appears to be real to an individual is a consequence of one's behavior. ["A" level sociology A resource based learning approach, n. d]. Interpretivism is mainly based on idealism that the various phenomena occurring in the world are interpreted through mind. [Interpretivism, n. d] The research philosophy of positivism mainly prevailed in the nineteenth and the twentieth century. This concept is most popular in the field of natural science. The origin of this ideology evolved due to the study of various phenomena in the world through human knowledge rather than dogma of religion. In order to attain fact about a particular aspect of study, observations are made related to that field of study. This methodology of research through observation is called empirism. Therefore, positivism developed based on certainty and universal explanations about particular phenomena. [Samuel- Ojo, 2005]. The major strengths of positivism are that the knowledge attained through this methodology is certain since it is not based on any speculations. It provides a logical end to any research. Contrary to this, since ideology of positivism mainly deals with observations it rules out the existence of unobservable phenomena or occurrences. [Rusbult, 1997] Realism is a research philosophy that "seeks to understand, the existence of an external and objective reality that influences people's social interpretations and behaviors but which may not be perceptible to them. It recognizes that people themselves are not objects to be studied in the style of natural science. "[Glossary, n. d]. Realism believes that phenomena can occur in spite of not observing its occurrence. It also believes that an object has certain properties associated with it that are independent of theoretical conceptions. These are some of the major strengths of realism. One major drawback of this research philosophy is that it is based on plausible doctrines rather than knowledge based on facts. The knowledge attained through this philosophy is skeptical and not certain since it is based on unobservable. [Boyd, 2002] Interpretive research philosophy states that the social world cannot be described without understanding the experience of the people and gives importance to human actions. This ideology produces scientific accounts of social life depending on the concepts and inferences drawn by the people. It generates theories based on the descriptions and experiences of people. Hence, this ideology is purely based on the understanding of the people about a particular concept and its interpretation by the researcher. It provides an in depth understanding of the blind beliefs and practices of daily life. There are structured procedures followed to understand the perception and beliefs of the people abo

Racial Profiling Essay Example for Free

Racial Profiling Essay On February 4, 1999, Amadou Diallo, an unarmed 22 year-old immigrant from New Guinea, West Africa, was shot and killed in the narrow vestibule of the apartment building where he lived. Four white officers, Sean Carroll, Kenneth Boss, Edward McMellon and Richard Murphy fired 41 bullets, hitting Diallo 19 times. All four were members of the New York City Police Departments Street Crimes Unit, which, under the slogan, We Own the Night, used aggressive stop and frisk tactics against African- Americans at a rate double that groups population percentage. A report on the unit by the state attorney general found that blacks were stopped at a rate 10 times that of whites, and that 35 percent of those stops lacked reasonable suspicion to detain or had reports insufficiently filled out to make a determination. Thousands attended Diallos funeral. Demonstrations were held almost daily, along with the arrests of over 1,200 people in planned civil disobedience. In a trial that was moved out of the community where Diallo lived and to Albany in upstate New York, the four officers who killed Diallo were acquitted of all charges (â€Å"The Diallo† online). Racial Profiling is any police or private security practice in which a person is treated as a suspect because of his or her race, ethnicity, nationality or religion. This occurs when police investigate, stop, frisk, search or use force against a person based on such characteristics instead of evidence of a persons criminal behavior. It often involves the stopping and searching of people of color for traffic violations, known as â€Å"DWB† or â€Å"driving while black or brown. † (Meeks 17). After 9/11, racial profiling has become widely accepted as an appropriate form of crime prevention. People were sought after based solely on the fact that they were of Arab descent. But racial profiling did not start with September 11th racial profiling has been around for ages. Tracy Maclin, a professor at Boston University School of Law, says that racial profiling â€Å"can trace its historical roots [back] to a time in early American society when court officials in cities like Philadelphia permitted constables and ordinary citizens the right to take up all black persons seen gadding abroad without their masters permission. † (Meeks 164). The term profiling first became associated with law enforcement’s nterference in drug trafficking during the late 1970s. In 1985, the Drug Enforcement Administration instituted Operation Pipeline, an intelligence-based assessment of the method by which drug networks transported bulk drugs to drug markets, and began training local and state police in applying a drug courier profile as part of highway drug interdiction techniques. Under Operation Pipeline, police were trained to apply a profile that included evidence of concealment in the vehicle, indications of fast, point-to-point driving, as well as the age and race characteristics of the probable drivers. In some cases, the profiling technique was distorted, so that officers began targeting black and Hispanic male drivers by stopping them for technical traffic violations as a pretext for determining whether or not drivers were carrying drugs (Weitzer 133). A 1998 Department of Justice investigation of these practices raised awareness of this issue and defined racial profiling as the practice of singling out members of racial or ethnic groups for relatively minor traffic or petty criminal offenses in order to question and/or search them for drugs, guns, or other contraband (â€Å"History† 1). In 1999, the American Civil Liberties Union launched a nationwide campaign against racial profiling, entitled â€Å"Arrest the Racism: Racial Profiling in America. † This campaign included research, phone hotlines to report incidents, online complaint forms, advertising campaigns that included radio, television, print and billboards, advocacy for legislation, and a communications program synchronized with litigation efforts across the country. This campaign has inspired a movement against racial profiling by local, state and national organizations. Community organizations have been involved in advocating for legislation, increasing visibility of their racial profiling concerns, and encouraging police departments to begin data collection. More than 20 states have passed legislation prohibiting racial profiling and/or mandating data collection on stops and searches, hundreds of individual jurisdictions have voluntarily begun to collect data, and several jurisdictions are collecting data on racial profiling as a result of federal or state court settlements or consent decrees. In February 2001, during an address to a joint session of Congress, President George W.  Bush said of racial profiling, â€Å"It is wrong and we will end it in America. † (â€Å"History† 1) California, alone, has enacted legislation which mandates sensitivity training, but there is currently no legislation mandating data collection. In 1999, Governor Gray Davis vetoed legislation that would have required law enforcement agencies to collect data to show whether people of color are stopped by police at disproportionate rates. Bills that would have prohibited racial profiling and required data collection either died on inactive file or had important content removed before being passed. A large number of individual jurisdictions are collecting data either voluntarily, through court settlements, or through federal consent decrees. S. B. 205, which amended the California Penal Code section 13519. 4, entitled Racial and Cultural Diversity Training, defines racial profiling as â€Å"the practice of detaining a suspect based on a broad set of criteria which casts suspicion on an entire class of people without any individualized suspicion of the particular person being stopped. † This legislation outlines the inappropriateness of racial profiling, and mandates cultural awareness training for civil servants. The federal code which is used to address racial profiling and other questionable procedures is Title 42, U. S. C. , Section 14141, which makes it unlawful for state or local law enforcement agencies to allow officers to engage in a pattern or practice of conduct that deprives persons of rights protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States. This law is commonly referred to as the Police Misconduct Statute. This law gives the Department of Justice the right to reprimand and/or sanction law enforcement agencies that use policies or practices which support a pattern of misconduct by officers. The action taken by the department is directed against the agency as a whole, not against individual officers. Although efforts have been made to ban the use of racial profiling as a law enforcement tool, no jurisdiction in the U. S. has addressed the problem in a way that is both effective and all-inclusive. Currently, twenty-nine states have passed laws concerning racial profiling, but state and federal protections against this problem continue to be extremely lacking. Further, some states are even passing legislation that supports racial profiling, such as Arizona’s new SB 1070, which aims to curb the problem of illegal entry into the U.  S. While immigration issues continue to be a problem in the U. S. , this law basically allows law enforcement officials to stop any citizen randomly to verify their legal residence in the country. Police practices that are viewed as racially motivated will ultimately lead to more frequent and severe interactions with law enforcement, and eventually leads to a distrust of the police. This is an unhealthy position, as law enforcement practices aren’t effective when you are fearful of those whose job is to protect and serve the citizens (Blumer 4). There is not much research available that addresses the question of why racial differences exist in citizens’ relations with the police. Part of the explanation can be found in the group-position thesis, which is discussed in the research by Bob Hutchings 64), and states: â€Å"the group-position thesis focuses on inter-group competition over material rewards, status, and power. Racial attitudes which reflect individual-level feelings and beliefs also mirror a collective sense of group cohesion, unlike other racial groups. These perceptions include (1) perceived threats: dominant group members’ fears that their group is at risk of losing privileges or resources to competing racial groups, and (2) perceived advantages: minority group members’ beliefs that their group interests will be enhanced by challenging the prevailing racial order. The group-position thesis has been used to explain inter-group racial attitudes. † The thesis further outlines the entitlement of dominant groups to resources, and the attraction to institutions that serve their interests; an example of this would be the attraction of the White race to the criminal justice system. The police are often seen as allies by the â€Å"dominant ethnic group†, especially in deeply divided societies where the police can be used as an instrument for suppressing â€Å"subordinate groups† (Bobo ump; Hutchings 70). This relationship between the police and dominant groups is less obvious in more democratic societies, but the authors state that even in these societies, the superior group builds strong relations with the police. In the United States, white people’s support for the police has traditionally been strong and, at the same time, whites tend to see racial minorities as inclined to criminal or violent behavior. In the 2000 General Social Survey, for example, half of whites viewed blacks as ‘violence-prone’. †(Weitzer ump; Tuch 1021) For whites who follow these views, there is a tendency to condone police suspicion and disparate treatment of minorities as â€Å"rational discrimination† (Weitzer 153). These attitudes may b e more strongly held by some whites than by others, but the group-position thesis predicts that these views are fairly common throughout the white population (Bobo ump; Hutchings 72). Racial profiling has been occurring throughout our nation, and even the world, for as far back as any of us can remember. Racial profiling stems from racism, and fear of people who are different, ethnically and culturally, than the person making the judgments. Sadly, it spreads even further than that, and clouds the judgment of the people who are in positions of authority, even when they come from the same ethnic background. Racism, classism, sexism and all the other –isms combine to create trends such as these, which affect more than just the person being judged; it affects their families, friends, neighborhoods, communities, etc. Like all other issues that deal with the problem of –isms, the only way to change the dominant perception is to change the way people are programmed throughout life and their experiences. Until that day, no legislation or rule is going to change the way people feel about the minority, or perceived lower class, group.

Rediscovery of the Voice in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay

Jane Eyre:   Rediscovery of the Voice Jane has endured hell. Indeed, most of this novel becomes a test of what she can endure. Helen Burns and Miss Temple teach Jane the British stiff upper lip and saintly patience. Then Jane, star pupil that she is, exemplifies the stoicism, while surviving indignity upon indignity. Jane’s soul hunkers down deep inside her body and waits for the shelling to stop. Only at Moor’s End, where she teaches and grows, does her soul come out. She stops enduring and begins living. Jane begins to become an â€Å"I† in her 19th year. In the sentence, â€Å"Reader, I married him.† Jane makes clear who is in charge of her life and her marriage; she is. That â€Å"I† stands resolutely as the subject of the sentence commanding the verb and attaching itself to the object, â€Å"him.† She is no longer passive, waiting and sitting for Rochester’s attention. Rather, she goes out and gets him. She has gone a long way from the beginning of the novel. At Gateshead, Jane tries to direct her life. Her little â€Å"I† scolds Mrs. Reed and chastises John. Like the later Jane, she knows... Rediscovery of the Voice in Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre Essay Jane Eyre:   Rediscovery of the Voice Jane has endured hell. Indeed, most of this novel becomes a test of what she can endure. Helen Burns and Miss Temple teach Jane the British stiff upper lip and saintly patience. Then Jane, star pupil that she is, exemplifies the stoicism, while surviving indignity upon indignity. Jane’s soul hunkers down deep inside her body and waits for the shelling to stop. Only at Moor’s End, where she teaches and grows, does her soul come out. She stops enduring and begins living. Jane begins to become an â€Å"I† in her 19th year. In the sentence, â€Å"Reader, I married him.† Jane makes clear who is in charge of her life and her marriage; she is. That â€Å"I† stands resolutely as the subject of the sentence commanding the verb and attaching itself to the object, â€Å"him.† She is no longer passive, waiting and sitting for Rochester’s attention. Rather, she goes out and gets him. She has gone a long way from the beginning of the novel. At Gateshead, Jane tries to direct her life. Her little â€Å"I† scolds Mrs. Reed and chastises John. Like the later Jane, she knows...

Anatomy And Physiology Of The Affected System

The powerful heart muscle requires a constant supply of oxygen-rich blood to nourish it. The coronary arteries provide the heart with this critical circulatory 24/7 blood supply. Without adequate and consistent blood, the heart becomes starved of oxygen and vital nutrients it requires to work properly and efficiently.   Coronary artery disease or Atherosclerosis occurs when the arteries become clogged and narrowed, restricting blood flow to the heart. (Heart Attack, 2006)   â€Å"The main myocardial infarction causal effects under investigation include blood pressure, hypertension, the use of antihypertensive and/or cardiovascular medication and angina pectoris.† (Caroline B. Ameling et al. 2002, p. 307)Pathology Of The DiseaseThe arteries leading to the heart become narrow and blood cannot flow consistently and evenly. Fatty matter, calcium, proteins and inflammatory cells build up within the arteries to form plaques of different sizes and irregular shapes. The plaque dep osits are hard on the outside and soft and mushy on the inside.When the plaque's deposits harden, the outer shell cracks (plaque rupture) and platelets (disc-shaped particles in the blood that aid clotting) arrive at the heart area, and blood clots form around the plaque. When the blood clot completely blocks or inhibits the artery, the heart muscle and tissue is rapidly depleted of oxygen. Within a short time, damage of the heart muscle cells occurs, causing permanent impairment. The end result, in medical terms is a myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack.   â€Å"While it is unusual, a heart attack can also be caused by a spasm of a coronary artery. During coronary spasm, the coronary arteries restrict or spasm on and off, reducing blood supply to the heart muscle (ischemia).† (Heart Attack, 2006)Current Treatment OptionsImmediate treatment options include supplemental oxygen therapy, however it is the only form of treatment that improves survival in hypoxemic patien ts, no clear relationship exists between improved survival and reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance with oxygen therapy. (Susan Wilansky et al. 2002, p. 629)   Individuals with angina or chronic chest pains can take nitroglycerin pills to cause the pain to disappear. Because angina patients often have chest pains, the key heart attack symptoms may be lightheadedness, sweating, nausea, or shortness of breath, in addition to chest pain. (Christopher Wanjek, 2003, p. 242)For long term treatment at a hospital, individuals are taken to the cardiac catheterization lab where a doctor will evaluate the coronary arteries to determine whether angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft surgery is appropriate.Patient EducationThe traditional approach to patient education interventions requires a health educator to meet with patients individually or to provide lectures. Some educational approaches appear to be cost-effective has shown that education programs emphasizing self-management of one's health and prevention strategies are effective in increasing patients' self-efficacy and health status. â€Å"Therefore it appears important to measure any changes in self-efficacy and helplessness that may result from either education and/or social support interventions. Such measures make it possible to evaluate the sense of control over health decisions and outcomes that has been associated with health status and health care costs.† (Terry A. Cronan et al. 2000, p. 455)Community referral sourcesAmerican College of Cardiology, 9111 Old Georgetown Road Bethesda, MD   20814-699 Phone:   1-800-253-4636, extension 694WomenHeart: The National Coalition for Women With Heart Disease 818 18th Street, N.W. Suite 230 Washington, DC   20006 Phone:   (202) 728-7199American Heart Association (AHA)   7272 Greenville Avenue Dallas, TX   75231 Phone:   1-800-AHA-USA1 (1-800-242-8721) Web Address:   http://www.americanheart.orgPreventionTension and anxiety were foun d to be good predictors of disease and mortality even when other risk factors were controlled. More recently, it has been prospectively shown that earlier measures of anxiety were significantly related to the development of atherosclerosis disease. (Stanley Chin et al. 2004, p. 63)Preventive life choice behavior modification includes stop smoking, controlling cholesterol through a healthy diet, managing blood pressure with exercise, relaxing and reducing stress by managing depression and anger.Reference(s)Caroline B. Ameling, Hendriek C. Boshuizen, Augustinus E.M. De Hollander, Hanneke Kruize, Brigit A.M. Staatsen, Elise E.M.M. Van Kempen, 2002, The Association between Noise Exposure and Blood Pressure and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Journal Title: Environmental Health Perspectives. Volume: 110. Issue: 3. Publication Year:. Page Number: 307+. COPYRIGHT 2002 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences;http://www.webmd.com/hw/heart_disease/tx2300-ConRes.asp   He art Attack and Unstable Angina Retrieved December 28, 2006Jiang He, Gail T. Louis, Paul K. Whelton, 2003, Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. Publisher: Marcel Dekker. Place of Publication: New York. Page Number: 278.Susan Wilansky, James T. Willerson, 2002, Heart Disease in Women. Publisher: Churchill Livingstone. Place of Publication: New York. Page Number: 629.Christopher Wanjek, 2003, Bad Medicine: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Distance Healing to Vitamin O. Publisher: Wiley. Place of Publication: New York. Page Number: 242.Terry A. Cronan, Erik J. Groessl, 2000, A Cost Analysis of Self-Management Programs for People with Chronic Illness Journal Title: American Journal of Community Psychology. Volume: 28. Issue: 4. Page Number: 455. COPYRIGHT 2000 Plenum Publishing Corporation;

Salvage the Bones

The novel is narrated by the character Each. Having lost her mother and being the only girl in the family beside China, Each is desperately trying to find herself. Each began having sex at an early age and now is pregnant believing the father to be Cheetah's friend, Many. The relationship is obsolete, Many uses Each as a sex object. She'd like him to love her or at least notice her more. But he is with another throughout the novel. Ward uses metaphors about Greek goddesses to describe Each and her conflicting feelings. Each looks to the women in Greek mythology for power and strength in her femininity and sexuality.These are things she is missing in her life. Each has been sexually active since the age of 12, she is always looking for love in sex. â€Å"The pulpy ripe heart. The sticky heart the boys saw through my boyish frame, my dark skin, my plane face. The girl heart that, before Many, I let boys have because they wanted it, and not because wanted to give it. Lid let boys have it because for a moment, I was Psyche or Eurydice or Daphne. Was beloved† (Ward 17). Although when it comes to Many, Each thinks she knows what she wants. † But with Many, it was different; he was so beautiful, and still he chose me, again and again.He wanted my girl heart; gave him both of them† Ward 17). Ward has created a character so conflicted within herself. Each is always looking to the goddesses for help in defining the way she is feeling. Aphrodite, goddess of romance and passion, known for her numerous affairs of the heart. Also known as the roman goddess Venus, Aphrodite had one gift and that was to make love. Salvage the Bones The novel is narrated by the character Each. Having lost her mother and being the only girl in the family beside China, Each is desperately trying to find herself. Each began having sex at an early age and now is pregnant believing the father to be Cheetah's friend, Many. The relationship is obsolete, Many uses Each as a sex object. She'd like him to love her or at least notice her more. But he is with another throughout the novel. Ward uses metaphors about Greek goddesses to describe Each and her conflicting feelings. Each looks to the women in Greek mythology for power and strength in her femininity and sexuality.These are things she is missing in her life. Each has been sexually active since the age of 12, she is always looking for love in sex. â€Å"The pulpy ripe heart. The sticky heart the boys saw through my boyish frame, my dark skin, my plane face. The girl heart that, before Many, I let boys have because they wanted it, and not because wanted to give it. Lid let boys have it because for a moment, I was Psyche or Eurydice or Daphne. Was beloved† (Ward 17). Although when it comes to Many, Each thinks she knows what she wants. † But with Many, it was different; he was so beautiful, and still he chose me, again and again.He wanted my girl heart; gave him both of them† Ward 17). Ward has created a character so conflicted within herself. Each is always looking to the goddesses for help in defining the way she is feeling. Aphrodite, goddess of romance and passion, known for her numerous affairs of the heart. Also known as the roman goddess Venus, Aphrodite had one gift and that was to make love.

buy custom The Un-Patriotic Act essay

buy custom The Un-Patriotic Act essay The Un-Patriotic Act commonly referred to as the USA patriot Act came into law ten years ago. The initial names were aimed at Uniting and Strengthening American people (Mayeux, 2009). The main aim of the Act was to provide necessary tools in the interception and obstruction of terrorism activities. The Act was tremendously passed into law ACLU (2011), but the impact of the law would interfere with civil liberties and secrecy rights. The views were aired by Senator Russ Feingold. The Un-Patriotic Act also known as Patriotic Act was signed into law in October 26, 2001 by the then president George W. Bush. The title of the Act USA PATRIOT stands for U-uniting, S-strengthening, and A-America by, P-providing, A-appropriate, T-tools, R-required to, I-intercept and O-obstruct, T-terrorism (Khaki ACLU, 2011). The Act reduced confinements on law enforcement authorities ability to check the communications systems through telephone and electronic mail means, health, fiscal and other relevant records. Some people argue Patriotic Act is necessary as it helps in cubing terrorism. At one time, a group of six Yemeni-Americans were convicted of providing material support to al-Qaida (Fletcher, 2011). The office of the secretary of the treasury was elevated to regulate international fiscal matters. The illegal immigrants were detained and deported to their home countries. The Patriotic Act expanded the meaning of terrorism (Mayeux, 2009). Terrorism was classified to as the domestic terrorism and the international terrorism (Fletcher, 2011). America has been experiencing increased domestic terrorism activities committed by American citizens. They were commonly referred to as the lone wolves. In fact, Lone wolves posed significant threats in America. The Patriotic Act was concerned with enhancing security against domestic and international terrorism, improving surveillance procedures, preventing money laundering, increasing border security Fletcher (2011) reducing obstructions to investigations of terrorism, improving the sharing of information, setting up anti-terrorism law, enhanced intelligence. The Patriotic Act received resistance by a number of people. The major point that came out of it involved the indefinite detention of immigrants. Indefinite detention is the state of being imprisoned by law enforcers without trial (ACLU, 2011). This is a violation of the human rights. The American government does this in the umbrella that individuals are the enemy to the human kind and ae possible terrorism organizers. The Patriotic Act has restricted the rights of individual Americans. This has been done by the invasion of privacy. The Patriotic Act has expanded the application of National Security Letters, which allows the law enforcers to search telephones, electronic mails, fiscal records without a court order. The business premises were subject to regular searches not leaving behind the homes of people (Mayeux, 2009). Individual Americans lacked privacy at all. This has led to various legal authorities going to court to challenge the Patriotic Act. Some of the provisions in the Patriotic Act are unconstitutional. The Patriotic Act has been experiencing various battles. Some supporters in 2005 rallied to making it permanent while some critics suggested on the revision of some critical clauses. The Patriotic Act had to be revised especially on areas affecting the liberty of the American people (Mayeux, 2009). The critics argue that the Patriotic Act was passed into law opportunistically. The effect of the twin towers bomb blast in September 11 2001. There were fewer discussions and consultations made in regards to the law (Dinzeo, 2011). This generated controversy and heated debate on the legality of the Patriotic Act. The law invades the privacy of the American people. The communications privacy was also breached. This meant that the law will interdict innocent American citizens and sees them as involved in terrorism (ACLU, 2011). There have been huge constitutional costs as well as economical costs. The critics have gone to court on several occasions. The critics are always demanding the remove of clauses that go against the human rights. The Patriotic Act has been having various extensions in terms of the period the act is valid. A privacy incident Cleary experienced involved the Canadian people and firms in the provinces of the British Columbia. Patriotic Act says that it has the right to do the relevant searches. This has provoked the government of British Columbia to search the people and private firms in the British Columbia. This is a clear illustration on the conflict of interested between the two neighboring governments (Dinzeo, 2011). The Patriotic Act has increased the security of America by many ways. The intelligent surveillance has been on watch on the daily happenings. This has made the security tight and easy to predict any on coming danger. It has also managed to instill fear to people who would be planning to exxercise terrorism (Meadows, 2005). Monitoring has angered several people and has gone to the court to challenge the legality of the Patriotic Act (Khaki ACLU, 2011). There are contentions sections that infringement the rights of individual American rights. Section 215 ACLU (2011), states that the government have the right to obtain ant tangible thing in suspicion of terrorism activities. The government has no right to prove its claims. This is against the human rights. Section 206 ACLU (2011), states that the government have the right to obtain surveillance on any person or property. Section 2006 ACLU (2011) permits the intelligence of the non-US people. This is an abuse of the human rights. The three main contentious clauses are subject to critics and should be reviewed. The persons of America see it as a restriction to the rights of Americans. The Patriotic Act invades on the meaning of the freedom of expression. People are kept in worry because they absolutely know they are monitored (Carlson, 2011). The Patriotic Act has increased the cyber insecurity. The government counter terrorism section will have too much at tomes not interpreting the information in time and others leading to misinterpretation. The policies fail because they infringe the human right and they are ineffective in their operations. The security of America has not much improved. The enactment of the Patriotic Act has not been worth the cost involved. Taking an example, there has been 190,000 national security letters issued to people and businesses without the court approval. Out of the many letters, there is only one that has a terrorist link (ACLU, 2011). This means the Patriotic Act is not worth the effort being put. The Patriotic Act has brought about the economic injustice. The law hinders the free business transactions. The infringement on the freedom of the Americans is unconstitutional. Americans should be set free of monitoring by the government (Carlson, 2011). Conclusion Terrorism is a threat to the United States of America. When it comes to security, the government does not take any chances whatsoever. The main challenge comes in the balancing of security and infringement of the basic human rights. This has led to many court battles challenging the Patriotic Act. The critics have highlighted the different sections that need review. Many cities have passed a resolution against Patriotic Act (Carlson, 2011). 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Grand Tour of Europe in the 17th and 18th Centuries

Grand Tour of Europe in the 17th and 18th Centuries Young English elites of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries often spent two to four years traveling around Europe in an effort to broaden their horizons and learn about language, architecture, geography, and culture in an experience known as the Grand Tour. The Grand Tour began in the sixteenth century and gained popularity during the seventeenth century. Origin of the Grand Tour The term Grand Tour was introduced by Richard Lassels in his 1670 book Voyage to Italy. Additional guidebooks, tour guides, and the tourist industry were developed and grew to meet the needs of the 20-something male and female travelers and their tutors across the European continent. The young tourists were wealthy and could afford the multiple years abroad. They carried letters of reference and introduction with them as they departed from southern England. Dover to Calais The most common crossing of the English Channel (La Manche) was made from Dover to Calais, France (the route of the Channel Tunnel today). A trip from Dover across the Channel to Calais and onto Paris customarily took three days. The crossing of the Channel was not an easy one. There were risks of seasickness, illness, and even shipwreck. Paris, Rome, and Venice Were Not to Be Missed The Grand Tourists were primarily interested in visiting those cities that were considered the major centers of culture at the time - Paris, Rome, and Venice were not to be missed. Florence and Naples were also popular destinations. The Grand Tourist would travel from city to city and usually spend weeks in smaller cities and up to several months in the three key cities. Paris was definitely the most popular city as French was the most common second language of the British elite, the roads to Paris were excellent, and Paris was a most impressive city to the English. Highway Robbers and Letters of Credit A Tourist would not carry much money due to the risk of highway robbers so letters of credit from their London banks were presented at the major cities of the Grand Tour. Many Tourists spent a great deal of money abroad and due to these expenditures outside of England, some English politicians were very much against the institution of the Grand Tour. Paris Apartment and Day Trips Arriving in Paris, a Tourist would usually rent an apartment for weeks to several months. Day trips from Paris to the French countryside or to Versailles (the home of the French monarchy) were quite common. Visiting French and Italian royalty and British envoys was a popular pastime during the Tour. The homes of envoys were often utilized as hotels and food pantries which annoyed the envoys but there wasnt much they could do about such inconveniences brought on by their citizens. While apartments were rented in major cities, in smaller towns the inns were often harsh and dirty. Across the Alps ora Boat on the Mediterranean to Italy From Paris, Tourists would proceed across the Alps or take a boat on the Mediterranean Sea to Italy. For those who made their way across the Alps, Turin was the first Italian city theyd come to and some remained while others simply passed through on their way to Rome or Venice. Rome was initially the southernmost point they would travel. However, when excavations began of Herculaneum (1738) and Pompeii (1748), the two sites became major destinations on the Grand Tour. Other Locations Other locations included as part of some Grand Tours included Spain and Portugal, Germany, Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and the Baltic. However, these other spots lacked the interest and historical appeal of Paris and Italy and had substandard roads that made travel much more difficult so they remained off most itineraries. The Main Activities While the goal of the Grand Tour was educational a great deal of time was spent on more frivolous pursuits such as extensive drinking, gambling, and intimate encounters. The journals and sketches that were supposed to be completed during the Tour were often left quite blank. Upon Return to England Upon their return to England, Tourists were supposedly ready to begin the responsibilities of an aristocrat. The Grand Tour as an institution was ultimately worthwhile for the Tour has been given credit for a dramatic improvement in British architecture and culture. The French Revolution in 1789 marked the end of the Grand Tour for in the early nineteenth century, railroads totally changed the face of tourism and travel across the continent.

Secured Bonds Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Secured Bonds - Research Paper Example These certificates are often issued by airlines and railroads to finance the purchase of new equipment. The equipment purchased may also be the collateral used for the bond. A trustee is assigned to keep the title for the bondholders. Upon repayment of the bond, the title is then returned to the company who issued the bond (Morningstar, Inc., 2010). Bonds issued at a premium means that the price of the bond is sold for more than the face value (Financescholar, n.d.). On the other hand, a bond issued at a discount means that the bond is sold for less than its face value. The decision whether to issue a bond at a discount or at a premium is often based on the expected coupon rate. â€Å"A callable bond is one in which the company can require the bondholder to sell the bond back to the company† (InvestorGuide, 2011). Callable bonds are attractive to companies because if they are paying higher coupon rates than current market interest rates, they have the option to buy back the bonds and can therefore save on interest payments. They can choose to reissue the bonds at a lower coupon rate. Another reason why companies find callable bonds attractive is because when their credit rating is raised, they will be in a position to raise funds at a much lower cost than what they previously committed to

Monique and the Mango Rains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Monique and the Mango Rains - Essay Example The case of the Minianka women of Mali is an example of where society ranks the man above women prior to using stratification to develop a hierarchy of the women. There are several factors that are anthropologically linked to the existence of social stratification in society, and they include the family, division of labor, sex, economy, religion, and gender responsibilities among others. Depending on the nature of the society, the degree of stratification varies; thus communities are classified into hunters and gatherers, horticultural, pastoral, agricultural, job-specific, and industrialized, among others. Gender roles, family, and reproduction are factors that affect social stratification in the social context. Society is responsible for defining the roles and responsibilities of its members. The inequality that stems from the gender roles and responsibilities follows the anthropological view of the man being stronger to the woman. The men are burdened with the responsibilities of provision, security, and management of the family unit in the Malian community, common to most African societies. The society, supported by anatomy, accredits women to the growth of the family, and consequently society. The capability of the female gender to give birth is evaluated in most scenarios, with the blame of infertility being highly alleged as the woman’s fault. Although men have been established, by science, as the sex determinants and equally responsible for infertility, women bear the wrath of society. Conventionally, the woman is inherently responsible for the nurturing role in the famil y unit and society collectively. Beliefs of society, with regards to men versus women, contribute to the establishment of levels where the accomplishment of responsibilities set by society improves one’s position (Holloway & Bidwell 58). Stratification occurs in a social context under gender responsibilities, family, and reproduction, under different social groupings such as girls, ladies, mature women, married women, and mothers, just to mention but a few.

The Debate Over Standard English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Debate Over Standard English - Essay Example This paper illustrates that students have to be taught something, and so Standard English has become a way of attempting to overcome the differences which are, in reality, an inevitable part of language use. This standardization presents two linguistic problems. The first is that there is no one form of English which has officially been taken as standard. The second is that even were such an agreement to exist, any form of English is constantly subject to changes in usage by the people who use it. Â  It is first necessary to explore and challenge current issues present in the definition of Standard English. Trask puts forward some useful key points which he considers fundamental in the definition of Standard English. The first is that ‘Standard English itself is not quite uniform: for example,e there are detectable differences between standard American and standard British English’. These differences, although they do not inhibit understanding between speakers, are clea r evidence of the fallacy of a standard English. Indeed, it is necessary to speak not of ‘English’ but rather of Englishes. The use of this plural in a number of critical works on the subject is already clear evidence that standard English is an unsuitable term. Gilsdorf is more emphatic in underlining the differences in standard English than Trask. Trask plays down this difference, while Gilsdorf states that ‘English, of course, is multiple Englishes. We are familiar with the U.S.’s regional dialects and to some degree with British English, Australian English, and Irish English, and perhaps a few others. Differences can be considerable’. To say that standard English is ‘not quite uniform’, therefore, is somewhat of an understatement.

Implications of the TRAPPIST-1 Discovery

Implications of the TRAPPIST-1 Discovery The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Life in the Universe and the Implications of the TRAPPIST-1 Discovery Abstract Despite the absence of any discovery of life beyond the Earth in the Solar System, or communication in the form of radio signals from beyond the Solar System, humankinds quest to answer the question whether there is life elsewhere in the Universe continues apace. The answer to the question could be tantalizingly close now with some ambitious missions being planned in the Solar System to try and find life itself, and surveys of unprecedented scale being conducted with space and terrestrial telescopes to identify potentially habitable exoplanets showing evidence for the existence of life. One such survey (the TRAPPIST survey) led to the discovery of a nearby solar system with a dwarf star at its centre, and in February this year the existence of seven Earth-sized planets orbiting the star was confirmed, with at least three lying in the habitable zone. Studies are continuing to see if there is evidence for the existence of life on any of these planets, with profound astronomical implica tions. This dissertation considers the question of what is life, before reviewing the history and future of the search for extra-terrestrial life in the Universe. The techniques employed and the results from the TRAPPIST survey are reviewed and the implications of the follow-on studies that are now planned are discussed. It concludes by considering the question whether humankind will ever encounter intelligent life in the Universe.      Ã‚   Thomas Zurbuchen Associate administrator of the Science Mission Directorate at NASA speaking at the press briefing about the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets in February 2017 The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Life in the Universe Contents 1.Introduction 2.What is Life? 3.Pre-requisites for Life 5.History of the Search for Life Beyond Earth Works Cited References The Search for Extra-Terrestrial Life in the Universe Introduction Despite the absence of any discovery of life beyond the Earth in the Solar System, or communication in the form of radio signals from beyond the Solar System, humankinds quest to answer the question whether there is life elsewhere in the Universe continues apace. Exobiology the search for life or for evidence of it has been stimulated by the extraordinary success of missions to planets and other bodies in the Solar System and the rapid advances that have been made in telescope technology in recent decades. The answer to the question could be tantalizingly close now with some ambitious missions being planned in the Solar System to try and find life itself, and surveys of unprecedented scale being conducted with space and terrestrial telescopes to identify potentially habitable exoplanets showing evidence for the existence of life. One such survey (the TRAPPIST survey) led to the discovery of a nearby solar system with a dwarf star at its centre, and in February this year the existence of seven Earth-sized planets orbiting the star was confirmed, with at least three lying in the habitable zone. Studies are continuing to see if there is evidence for the existence of life on any of these planets, with profound astronomical implications. This dissertation considers the question of what is life, before reviewing the history and future of the search for extra-terrestrial life in the Universe. The techniques employed and the results from the TRAPPIST survey are reviewed and the implications of the follow-on studies that are now planned are discussed. It concludes by considering the question whether humankind will ever encounter intelligent life in the Universe. What is Life? Is there life elsewhere in the universe? Before setting out to answer that question we need to understand what we mean by life. In popular culture extra-terrestrial life is usually characterised by intelligent humanoid creatures with whom mankind can interact and communicate, but one only has to look at the diversity of life on Earth to appreciate that there are countless life forms, each unique and a product of the environment it inhabits. Nor can all life forms on Earth necessarily be described as intelligent, perhaps as defined by the Oxford Concise Dictionary: The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. It is reasonable to assume that an ability to communicate is essential if a species is to be described as intelligent, but intelligence is not a pre-requisite for the development of life. There are many scientific definitions of life, such as that offered by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary; An organismic state characterized by capacity for metabolism, growth, reaction to stimuli, and reproduction. This definition is helpful but it does not explicitly recognise that the ability to evolve, particularly in a changing environment, is vital for the development of sustainable life. Mankind has expended considerable effort over the millennia trying to understand the cosmos. The ancients saw it as a place inhabited by the gods, but as astronomy developed, and with it our understanding of the Solar System and the Universe, we began to ask the question, Are we alone?, or perhaps more precisely, Are there others out there like us? Perhaps the question we have been seeking to answer should really have been in two parts; Is there life elsewhere in the universe, and if so is it intelligent and would we be able to interact with it in some way? Pre-requisites for Life Earth is the only place where it is possible today to study living things and fossils to understand life, its evolution and the habitats where it can thrive. On Earth life is found in many extreme environments including; around volcanic vents on the mid-ocean ridges; in deeply-buried porous sedimentary rocks (Bruckner, 2017); permanently in caves; in glacier ice (Edwards, 2014); in thermal springs; in the stratosphere (Major, 2016) and in naturally toxic environments that would be poisonous to most other life forms. Despite the abundance of life on the surface of the Earth it has been suggested that there may even be more life below the surface than there is above (Cox, 2013). Figure 1: Colony of Deepsea Tube Worms and other fauna at the Galapagos Rift. (Photo: NOAA 2011 Galapagos Rift Expedition) Figure 2: A loach, a permanent cave-dwelling fish that crawls out of the water to feed on bacteria growing on damp rocks. (Photo: Dantà © Fenolio) All terrestrial life exhibits metabolism, which is a chemical process to harvest energy from the environment to maintain the living state of the cells that make up an organism. Metabolism involves moving and breaking down nutrients in order to produce energy to synthesize new proteins, nucleic acids etc. that are essential to sustain life (Dr Ananya Mandal, 2013). All terrestrial life is based on the carbon atom, which can form chemical bonds to create the long and complex organic molecules that are the essential building blocks for life (Freeman, 2011). All terrestrial life is also reliant on liquid water as the medium within which the metabolic process occurs. Without liquid water there can be no metabolism and therefore no life, as demonstrated by the Atacama Desert the driest place on Earth where there is no evidence for the existence of any living organisms (Cox, 2013). It is generally accepted that the pre-requisites for life are; Access to nutrients that contain the chemical elements necessary for life; An energy source that can be harvested directly or indirectly; and Liquid water. Given that all elements occur throughout the Universe, as do stars that emit energy in the form of photons, the most obvious place to look for extra-terrestrial life is on the surface of planets where there is likely to be liquid water. In any solar system there will be a region around the star within which the temperature is such that water will exist as a liquid. This is known as the Habitable Zone. The distance of the habitable zone from the star and its extent will be a function of the spectral type (and therefore mass) of the star and can be estimated using the Inverse Square Law, assuming the existence of an atmosphere with sufficient density to prevent sublimation of the water. The figure below shows the extent of the habitable zone for various star masses, with the Solar System planets and the exoplanets orbiting the red dwarf star Gliese 581 superimposed. Figure 3: The habitable zone as a function of stellar mass and distance from the star (Chester Harman, Planets: PHL at UPR Arecibo, NASA/JPL/APL/Arizona) Another potential habitat for life is on the moons of large planets with elliptical orbits are subjected to tidal heating caused by tidal friction. Orbital and rotational energy is dissipated as heat in the crust of the moon, in some cases melting the ice and forming an ocean beneath the ice crust. Two known examples of this in the Solar System are Jupiters moon Europa and Saturns moon Enceladus. It is postulated that life could also exist below the surface of Jupiters moon Io where there is plentiful heat to keep any water that was trapped in a liquid state, and where living organisms would be protected from Jupiters radiation (Choi, 2010). The Origin and Evolution of Life on Earth and Elsewhere Through the study of living organisms the pre-requisites for life are reasonably well understood, as is the evolutionary process through inter alia the study of fossils. However, to answer the question of how life came to be established on Earth it is also necessary to look beyond the Earth for clues. The elements that make up organic molecules are very abundant in the Universe and are known to originate from non-biological processes (e.g. volcanic activity on Mars (Carnegie Instution, 2012)) and there is a lot of evidence to suggest organic molecules are widespread in the galaxy, e.g.: Iso-propyl cyanide has been detected by examining microwave emission lines in inter-stellar clouds in the Milky Way (BBC, 2014). Organic molecules have been detected using spectral analysis in the tails of comets. The Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko also detected organic molecules (ESA, 2016). Organic molecules have also been found in certain types of meteorite collected on Earth. Carbonaceous chondrites are rare meteorites that have not melted at any stage of their life so are thought to pre-date the Solar System. They contain substantial amounts of carbon, including complex organic compounds and occasionally amino acids, and up to 20% water (Freeman, 2011). In the early Solar System comets and meteorides were very numerous and according to the Panspermia Hypothesis they seeded the Universe with simple life forms that got trapped in ejecta thrown into space when collisions occurred between planets and moons. This theory was given credence when living bacteria was found in a sealed camera recovered and brought back to Earth by the Apollo 12 astronauts from the Surveyor 3 spacecraft. Surveyor 3 had been on the lunar surface for three years. Another possibility is that organic molecules were formed on Earth, as hypothesised by Oparin and Haldane (Oparin, 1924). In 1952 Miller and Urey conducted their famous laboratory experiment which simulated conditions on early Earth. They mixed water, ammonia, methane and hydrogen in an atmosphere of water vapour, through which electric sparks were fired regularly to simulate lightening. At the end of the experiment they discovered that amino acids had indeed formed, giving credence to this hypothesis (Miller, 1953). Figure 4: The Miller-Uray apparatus Once all the right ingredients were present something kick-started life on Earth, and/or elsewhere in the Universe if the Panspermia Hypothesis is right. It is not possible today to conclude how life originated on Earth, but in any event the fossil record shows that the first simple living organisms appeared on Earth around 3.8 billion years ago, and so began the process of evolution producing the incredible diversity of life on Earth today. Whether life was kick-started on Earth or arrived from elsewhere is arguably one of the most important factors influencing the possible distribution of extra-terrestrial life, and is discussed again in Section xx. History of the Search for Life Beyond Earth NASA was established by an act of the US Congress in 1958, mainly in response to the launch by the Soviet Union of Sputnik 1. Most of its efforts were initially concentrated on the development of manned and unmanned space flight, but in the 1970s exploration of the Solar System using scientific probes began, driven to a large extent by the search for life beyond Earth. NASA began a broad-based effort to learn how to look for the presence both ancient and current of life beyond Earth, giving birth to a new science which became known as Exobiology. The fundamental questions that NASA set out to answer were; What is needed for life to thrive? How does life evolve? Where else in the Universe could it have evolved? How do we find it? In time it was acknowledged that to help answer these questions the detailed study of life on Earth was necessary to understand the origins and evolution of life and the habitats where it is found. The scope of exobiology expanded and it became known as Astrobiology (Freeman, 2011). During the 1960s a number of European countries started to get involved in space exploration, eventually clubbing together to form the European Space Agency (ESA) in 1975, bringing more resources to the exploration effort. The Search for Evidence of Intelligent Life In 1959 Guiseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison observed that if intelligent extra-terrestrial life had been attempting to communicate it would probably have been doing so using radio waves transmitted at the wavelength of neutral hydrogen (21.1 cm), which is in a region of the radio spectrum dubbed the water hole due to its proximity to the hydrogen and hydroxyl radical spectral line. These radio waves do not experience diminution when they travel through the interstellar medium or through the Earths atmosphere and they argued that it should therefore be possible to detect such signals with terrestrial radio telescopes because (Cocconi Morrison, 1959). In 1960 Dr Frank Drake used the radio telescope at the National Astronomy Observatory in West Virginia to search for four months for radio signals with a wavelength of 21.1 cm emanating from the vicinity of nearby stars Epsilon Eridani and Tau Ceti (Drake, 1961). He failed to detect any signals but this heralded the beginning of SETI (the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence). Since the 1980s there has been an international collaborative effort to detect meaningful signals across an increasingly wide range of wavelengths, but although occasional signals have been detected they have not been sustained or repeated, which suggests they were not produced by an intelligent life form seeking to communicate. Notwithstanding this, the search continues. The Search for Suitable Habitats and Evidence for the Existence of Life Aristotle was the first to observe life in snow as a snow algal bloom. These occur as algae produce reddish-pink blooms (watermelon snow) as seen in this sample of Svalbard snow. The reddish-pink pigments are a microbial sunscreen, protecting the algae from UV radiation. Photo credit: Dr Arwyn Edwards (Edwards, 2014) Drake Stars w/ mass > 1.5o unlikely to support life humans took 4bn + yrs Small stars long life but low temp, planets have to be close but then gravity locked v. low POS based on current understanding = sun-like star- low rate of formation; 1:10 w/ habitable zone Implications of Trappist-1 results and historical assumptions The Probability of There Being Extra-Terrestrial Life in the Universe The Drake Equation The Drake equation is: N = Rà ¢Ã‹â€ - à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ fp à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ne à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ fà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã¢â‚¬Å" à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ fi à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ fc à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ L where: N = the number of civilizations in our galaxy with which communication might be possible (i.e. which are on our current past light cone); and R* = the average rate of star formation in our galaxy fp = the fraction of those stars that have planets ne = the average number of planets that can potentially support life per star that has planets fl = the fraction of planets that could support life that actually develop life at some point fi = the fraction of planets with life that actually go on to develop intelligent life (civilizations) fc = the fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space L = the length of time for which such civilizations release detectable signals into space No table of figures entries found. 2. Prof BBC. (2014). Complex organic molecule found in interstellar space. Bruckner, M. (2017). Endoliths-Microbes Living within Rocks. Microbial Life. Carnegie Instution. (2012). Organic carbon from Mars, but not biological. Science Daily. Cox, P. B. (2013). Wonders of the Solar System. Dr Ananya Mandal, M. (2013). What is Metabolism? Edwards, D. A. (2014). Glacier Ecosystems. Antarctic Glaciers. ESA. (2016). Rosettas comet contains ingredients for life. Freeman, R. (2011). Universe Ninth Edition. J. Mayo Greenberg, C. X.-G. (1992). The seeding of life by comets. Advances in Space Research. Major, J. (2016). Hunting for High Life: What Lives in Earths Stratosphere? Universe Today. Oparin, A. I. (1924). The Origin Of Life. The Oxford Concise Dictionary. (n.d.).   Ã‚   http://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/What-is-Metabolism.aspx https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120524143450.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panspermia https://history.nasa.gov/factsheet.htm https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/about/history-of-astrobiology/ http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Welcome_to_ESA/ESA_history/History_of_Europe_in_space Ken Rice : The Detection and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets; Published: 19 September 2014

Sarah Grimke and Frederick Douglass :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When I mention the names Sarah Grimke and Frederick Douglass what comes to mind? Abolitionists? Equal rights activists? Of course, these two individuals are making great strives to fight for what they believe in. The sad thing about it is that we don’t have enough people with the likes of these two. England abolished slavery in 1834 so how long will we go on with this inhumane cruelty toward people. Our country is in a state of denial and if we don’t wake up soon, we will all pay the price. I’m going to discuss a little bit about these two abolitionist speakers, than compare and contrast their roles of rhetoric, morality, ideas, and backgrounds. They are Sarah Grimke and Frederick Douglass. Sarah was born in 1792 and Frederick was born in 1818. These two individuals are very devoted to abolishing slavery and finding true equal rights but ironically, other than their gender and race difference, they both come from unique backgrounds. Sarah was white and born into a large wealthy family. Her father owned a plantation with slaves and Sarah grew to hate the abuse that the slaves had to endure. She was deeply religious and felt that slavery was against her moral beliefs. She speaks a lot from the bible and believes that men and women were created equal. After the death of her father she moved out of South Carolina and moved up North to pursue a role as an abolitionist and women’s rights activist. Now on the other had Frederick was born into slavery. He was living in Maryland, born to a white man unknown to him and his mother was also a slave. Frederick pursued how to read and write while being a slave but found that it was an uphill battle, because no slaves were permitted to be educated. Frederick persevered and learned to read and write but prior to his escape up North his moral was very low because being educated as a slave he states, â€Å"It had given me a view of my wretched condition, without the remedy. It opened my eyes to the horrible pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out†(Narrative of the Life of F.D. Pg 1073 col.2). Can you imagine this; a slave that can now read and write all of a sudden wishes the opposite? It’s tough to stomach the grief that he must have felt during that time.